Pfupiso yeVatungamiriri
Indasitiri yemukaka muIsrael ine musiyano usingaenzaniswi chero kupi zvako pasi rose: avhareji yepamusoro yemukaka pamombe imwe neimwe pasi rose. Pa12,125 kgs pamombe imwe chete pagore muna 2024, Israel Holsteins iri nani pane dzimwe dziri muDenmark (10,777 kg), Estonia (11,350 kg), uye United States nemutengo wakaderera, sekureva kweCentral Bureau of Statistics yeIsrael. Kumashure kwekubudirira uku kunoshamisa kune zvivakwa zvekugadzira chikafu chakanakisa uko mhando yepellet isingakurukurwe.
Chidzidzo ichi chinoongorora kuti kambani inogadzira chikafu chemhando yekomponi yekuIsrael, ichishanda nechigayo munharaunda yeJezreel Valley kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweHaifa inopa mapellets emukaka eTMR kune vanogadzira mukaka vanopfuura makumi mana vekibbutz nemoshav, yakawana sei kugara kwenguva refu kwepellet, kuderedzwa kwemari, uye kuvandudzwa kwekugadzirwa mushure mekuisa chigayo cheHongyang HYPM-420 ring die pellet. Chigayo ichi chinoburitsa matani angangoita 8,000 epellets dzemukaka pamwedzi, zvichishandira mapoka emombe anogadzira marita anopfuura mamiriyoni zana emukaka pagore.
Nhoroondo: Dambudziko reIsrael reKudya Kwemukaka
Chikamu chemukaka muIsrael chinoshanda pasi pemitemo inoita kuti mhando yechikafu ive chinhu chinonyanya kunetsa. Mapurazi emukaka emunyika iyi anosvika 620, kusvika pakupera kwa2024, anotarisira mombe dzemukaka dzinosvika 138,000, neavhareji yepurazi ichibereka marita mamiriyoni 2.5 pagore. Kusiyana nemakambani makuru emukaka muUnited States kana New Zealand, mapurazi eIsrael ane saizi shoma asi anochengetedza zvakanyanya. Kushanda zvakanaka kwekuchinja chikafu, kuderedza kupisa, uye kunyatsogadzirwa kwemukaka (TMR) ndizvo zvinonyanya kukosha pakubudirira kwavo pasi rose. Kukosha kwese kwekugadzirwa kwemukaka muIsrael kwakafungidzirwa kusvika pamashekeri angangoita mabhiriyoni 3.9 muna 2024, zvichiita kuti ive 9.6% yezvekurima.
Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinosangana zvinoita kuti pellet ive yakanaka zvikuru muIsrael.
Kuvimba nezviyo zvechikafu zvinotengwa kunze kwenyika. Israel inotenga zviyo zvakawanda zvechikafu chayo, kunyanya chibage, hupfu hwesoya, negorosi, zvichiita kuti mitengo yezvinhu zvekugadzira ive inokonzereswa nekuchinja kwemitengo yepasi rose uye kukanganiswa kwecheni yekupa. Kurwisana kuri kuenderera mberi pakati peRussia neUkraine uye kukanganiswa kwekutakura zvinhu munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana kuburikidza neGungwa Dzvuku kwakawedzera kusasimba uku. Chikamu chega chega chekushanda zvakanaka kwechikafu chinowanikwa kuburikidza nehunhu hwepamusoro hwemapellet chinoshandura zvakananga mukuderedza kuvimba kwekutenga zvinhu zvinotengwa kunze kwenyika uye kuwedzera mikana yevarimi vemukaka.
Kumanikidzwa nekupisa. Kupisa kwezhizha munzvimbo dziri mumahombekombe egungwa eIsrael nemumipata yepakati penyika kunowanzo pfuura 35°C, zvichikonzera kumanikidzwa nekupisa kukuru pamombe dzemukaka. Tsvagiridzo kubva kuIsrael's Volcani Center Agricultural Research Organisation yakaratidza kuti mombe dzine kumanikidzwa nekupisa dzinoderedza kudya kwemombe dzakaoma ne10 kusvika ku20 muzana, zvichideredzawo goho remukaka. Bazi rezvekurima reIsrael rakaona kuti kudziya kwepasi rose kunoda kuti pave nekudyara mari muzvirongwa zvekutonhodza nemaitiro ekutarisira kuti mukaka urambe uchigadzirwa. Zvokudya zvakabikwa, zvine huwandu hwakawanda uye guruva shoma, zvinokurudzira kudya nguva dzose kunyangwe kana paine kumanikidzwa nekupisa, asi chete kana pellet ikaramba yakasimba mumamiriro ekuchengetedza uye ekufambisa anogona kusvika 40°C mumabunkers ekudya asina mumvuri.
Zvinodiwa zveTMR zvakafanana. Nyanzvi dzezvekudya zvemukaka dzekuIsrael dzinogadzira huwandu hweTMR hwakarurama hunoenzanisa simba, mapuroteni, faibha, uye zvinovaka muviri zvine hungwaru hwakanyanya, chinhu chinodiwa kana mukaka uchikohwa marita anopfuura makumi mashanu pazuva panguva yekuyamwisa kwakanyanya. Kuomarara kwepellet uye kugara kwenguva refu zvinokanganisa zvakananga maitiro emapellets mumasanganiswa eTMR. Mapellets akapfava anopatsanurwa kuita madiki anopatsanurwa mumusanganiswa uye anodziviswa nemombe, zvichiita kuti pave nekusawirirana kwezvekudya. Mapellets akaomarara, anogara kwenguva refu anochengetedza kunaka kwawo kuburikidza nekusanganisa nekupa, zvichiita kuti muromo wega wega uve nechimiro chezvinovaka muviri chakagadzirwa.
Kubatanidzwa kwemaindasitiri. Kubva muna 2015 kusvika 2024, avhareji yekugadzirwa kwepurazi remukaka paIsrael yakawedzera ne26 muzana, kubva pamarita mamiriyoni 1.713 kusvika pamarita mamiriyoni 2.516, nepo huwandu hwemapurazi hwaderera kubva pa634 kusvika pa620. Kubatanidzwa uku kunoreva kuti chigayo chega chega chekudya ikozvino chinoshandira vatengi vashoma asi vakakura, avo vane matambudziko emhando yepellet ane mhedzisiro yakakura yemari.
Mugadziri: Chigayo Chekudya Chemunharaunda Chinosimudzira Kukura
Chigayo chekudya chiri pakati pechidzidzo ichi, chiri muJezreel Valley kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweHaifa, chave chichishandira nharaunda yemukaka yemuno kubvira muna 1998. Pakutanga chaive chigayo chidiki chaiburitsa matani 2,000 pamwedzi echikafu chakakuyiwa nepelleted, chigayo ichi chakawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma sezvo kubatanidzwa kwemukaka muIsrael kwainyanya kuunza kugadzirwa mumapurazi mashoma asi ane zvibereko zvakawanda.
Pakazosvika gore ra2022, chigayo ichi chakanga chichigadzira matani angangoita 6,500 pamwedzi chichishandisa michina miviri yekuchekerera yakagadzirwa nemugadziri wekuEurope. Midziyo iyi, kunyange zvazvo yaigona kugadziriswa, yakanga yava kusvika kumagumo ehupenyu hwayo hwehupfumi. Matambudziko makuru ekushanda aisanganisira Pellet Durability Index (PDI) ine avhareji ye92 kusvika 93 muzana yemafuta emukaka, pasi pe96 muzana pamwe chete nezvinangwa zvakatarwa nevanoongorora zvekudya zveTMR; kupfeka zvakanyanya kwemadhiri neroller kunoda shanduko yemadhiri ematani 1,200 kusvika 1,500 ega ega; kuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwesimba kwe18 kusvika 20 kWh patani yega yega yemafuta epellet; uye faindi yekudzoka kwe4 kusvika 5 muzana, zvichimiririra kurasikirwa kwechigadzirwa uye mutengo wekugadzirisa zvakare.
Vatungamiriri vefekitori vakaona kuti kugadzirisa zvishoma nezvishoma uye kuvandudza zvishoma kwaisazovhara mukaha uyu. Kutsiva kwakazara kwetambo imwe chete yepelleting kwakarongwa bhajeti ra2023, nemaitiro ekuongorora emakwikwi anosanganisira vatengesi vanobva kuEurope, China, neTurkey.
Mhinduro: Hongyang HYPM Ring Die Pellet Mill
Mushure memwedzi mitanhatu yekuongorora kwaisanganisira kushanya kunzvimbo dzekuisa zvinhu zvinotarisirwa mubazi rezvekudya zvenyama dzemombe muEgypt nebazi rezvekudya zvemukaka muEthiopia, kuyedzwa kwemiti nesample dies, uye hurukuro dzakadzama dzehunyanzvi nechikwata chemainjiniya cheHongyang, chigayo ichi chakasarudza chigayo cheHongyang HYPM-420 ring die pellet kuti chiiswe pamutsetse waro mukuru wezvekudya zvemukaka.
Iyo HYPM-420, chikamu chemhando dzepakati dzeHongyang's ring die series, ine dhayamita yemukati ye420mm ine upamhi hunoshanda hwe120mm, inofambiswa nemota huru ye110 kW. Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvehunyanzvi zvakakanganisa kusarudzwa kwemotokari.
Madhiri eHongyang's ring anogadzirwa pamidziyo yeCNC yekuboorera pfuti uye yekuchenesa kupisa, ine dhayamita yegomba inochengetedzwa mukati me plus kana minus 0.05mm uye huwandu hwekudzvanya hunogona kugadziriswa kubva pa1:4 kusvika 1:12. Pakushandiswa kwemukaka weIsrael, dhayamita yegomba re8mm ine 1:7 compression ratio yakatsanangurwa, yakagadziriswa kuti chigadzirwa chemuchina wekugadzira 35% yebhari, 25% yechibage, 18% yesoya, uye 22% yegorosi nemineral premix.
Nzira yeHYPM yekugadzirisa maroller eccentric inobvumira vashandi kuchengetedza nzvimbo yakakwana mukati mehupenyu hwese hwebasa remaroller vasina kubvisa roller assembly, kunyanya kukosha uko shanduko dzakawanda pakati pemukaka wemukaka, mombe dzakaoma, nemombe dzemombe dzinoda kukurumidza kugadziriswa kweroller clearance.
HYPM-420 yakabatana ne double-layer conditioner inopa masekondi makumi mapfumbamwe enguva yekuchengeta, ine modulating steam valve inochengetedza tembiricha ye mash mukati me plus kana minus 1°C ye 78 kusvika 82°C target yekudya kwemukaka, yakakwana ye starch gelatinization uye kudzora utachiona pasina kukuvara kwekupisa kwemhando yeprotein.
Hongyang yakapa magoko emhando yepamusoro echromium alloy roller shells (HRC 58-62) ekugadzira zviyo zvine huwandu hwakawanda, zvichipa simba rekudzivirira kukweshana uye kusimba kwaidiwa pakushanda kwemaawa makumi maviri pazuva, mazuva matanhatu pasvondo.
Kuitwa uye Mhedzisiro
Kuiswa kwacho kwakapedzwa mushure mekuvharwa kwemazuva gumi kwakarongwa munaKurume 2023. HYPM-420 yakabatanidzwa mumutsetse uripo uri kumusoro kwechinhu chinotonhorera chinodzokororwa uye pasi pesystem yekubatanidza nekusanganisa michina yechigayo. Hongyang akatuma mainjiniya mukuru wekupa mabasa uyo aitarisira kuiswa kwemakanika, kubatanidzwa kwemagetsi, uye akadzidzisa vashandi kwemazuva mashanu.
Kugadzirwa kwakatangazve pamutsetse mutsva ne70 muzana yehuwandu hwemagetsi hwakatarwa kwevhiki yekutanga, zvichikwira kusvika pakupera kwakazara pazuva rechisere. Mushure memwedzi gumi nemana yekushanda nguva dzose kusvika muna Kubvumbi 2024, maawa angangoita 8,400 ekushanda, chigayo chakashuma zviyero zvinotevera zvekushanda zvichienzaniswa nemutsetse wachakatsiva.
Kuburikidza kwe8mm dairy concentrate pellets kwakawedzera kubva pa4.2 tonnes paawa kusvika pa5.8 tonnes paawa, kuwedzera kwe38 muzana. Pellet Durability Index, yakayerwa nenzira ye tumble box, yakakwira kubva pa92 kusvika pa93 muzana kusvika pa96.5 kusvika pa97.5 muzana. Kudzoka kwemari yechikwereti kwakaderera kubva pa4 kusvika pa5 muzana kusvika pa1.2 kusvika pa1.8 muzana, kudzikira kwe65 muzana. Kushandiswa kwesimba kwakaderera kubva pa18 kusvika pa20 kWh patani kusvika pa14.2 kusvika pa15.5 kWh patani, kuchengetedza kwe22 muzana. Hupenyu hwebasa re8mm dairy formula hwakawedzera kubva pa1,200 kusvika pa1,500 tonnes kusvika pa3,800 tonnes, kupfuura nguva 2.5. Hupenyu hweroller shell hwakawedzera kubva pa600 kusvika pa800 tonnes kusvika pa2,200 tonnes, kanopfuura katatu kupfuura nguva yapfuura yebasa. Nguva yekumbozorora isina kurongwa yakaderera kubva pamaawa masere kusvika gumi nemaviri pamwedzi kusvika pamaawa maviri kusvika matatu.
Kuvandudzwa kwakanyanya kune vatengi vevarimi vemukaka vemufekitori kwaive kuwedzera kwePDI kubva pa92 kusvika pa93 muzana kusvika pa96.5 kusvika pa97.5 muzana. Mukutaura kwakajeka, izvi zvaireva kuti mapellets aisvika pamichina yekusanganisa TMR yepurazi asina kuputsika zvakanyanya, zvichideredza faindi dzaiungana pasi pematangi ekudya uye dzakarambwa nemombe. Maneja wemhando yefekitori akataura kuti zvichemo zvevatengi zvine chekuita nehunhu hwepellets, iyo yaive neavhareji yeavhareji yeatatu kusvika mana pamwedzi nemidziyo yekare, yakaderera kusvika pazero mumwedzi mitanhatu mushure mekuiswa kweHYPM.
Kukanganiswa Kwakaitwa Nevatengi: Zvakasangana Nevarimi Vemukaka
Vatengi vemufekitori iyi vanosanganisira mapurazi anotangira pa150 kusvika 800 ekukama mombe, neavhareji yehukuru hwemombe dzinosvika 320. Dzinoverengeka dzinodya mombe dzakasanganiswa nepellet chete sechikamu cheTMR inosanganisira silage yechibage, silage yegorosi, huswa hwealfalfa, nezvimwe zvinobva muindasitiri yechikafu yemuno.
Vatungamiriri vatatu vemapurazi emukaka vakabvunzurudzwa munyaya iyi vakataura nezvekucherechedza kwakaitwa mushure mekuvandudzwa kwemuchina wekugadzira pellets.
Basa remombe mazana mashanu muUpper Galilee rakamboona mari yekutenga chikafu ichi ichiunganidzwa mumatanga ezvipfuyo mushure mekuendeswa kweTMR, kunyanya munguva yezhizha apo matanga ezvipfuyo ainyanya kunyorova nekuda kwekupisa. Mushure mekuvandudzwa, maneja wepurazi akataura kuti hapana kuora kwezvipfuyo kwaionekwa munzvimbo yezvipfuyo, uye kuverenga kwezvipfuyo zuva nezuva kwakaratidza kushandiswa kwakafanana mumapoka ese ezvipfuyo.
Nyanzvi yezvekudya inopa chikafu chemombe 380 chinonzi kibbutz pedyo neAfula yakaongorora huwandu hwemafuta emukaka nemapuroteni asati agadzirwa uye mushure mekuiswa kwepellets. Kunyange zvazvo zvinhu zvakawanda zvichikanganisa kuumbwa kwemukaka, nyanzvi yezvekudya yakaona kuti kusiyana kwemwedzi nemwedzi kwehuwandu hwemafuta emukaka kwakadzikira kubva pakusiyana kwe0.22 muzana yemapoinzi usati wagadzirwa kusvika pa0.12 muzana yemapoinzi mushure mekugadziriswa, zvichikonzerwa nekugoverwa kwezvinovaka muviri nguva dzose kubva kumapellets achichengetedza kunaka kwawo kuburikidza nekusanganisa nekudyisa TMR.
Imwe kambani yemukaka yeMoshav ine mombe mazana maviri nemakumi masere yakaverenga kuti kuderedzwa kwekurasika kwechikafu, kwaimbove kwakayerwa ne1.5 kusvika 2 muzana yemafuta akaomeswa akaraswa semari yekubhadharisa isina kudyiwa, pamwe chete nekuvandudzwa kwekushanda kwechikafu chemombe, zvichireva kudzikiswa kwemutengo wekudya parita imwe neimwe yemukaka unogadzirwa neILS 0.03 kusvika 0.04. Pabasa rekugadzira marita mamiriyoni maviri nemasere pagore, izvi zvaimiririra kuchengetwa kwemari inosvika 84,000 kusvika 112,000 ILS, yakaenzana ne21,000 kusvika 28,000 euros pagore.
Basa raHongyang: Kupfuura Kuwanikwa Kwemidziyo
Chirongwa cheIsrael chinoratidza zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemaitiro eHongyang Feed Machinery.
Chikwata chehunyanzvi cheHongyang chakaongorora mhando dzese dzemafuta emukaka ari mufekitori, kusanganisira kusiyana kwemwaka mukuwanikwa kwezvinhu zvakaita sebhari rezhizha kana gorosi rechando uye kuchinja kwemitengo yechibage nesoya, uye vakagadzira die ine kudzika kwakasiyana-siyana pakati pemitsara yemakomba kuti vawedzere kunaka kwemafuta emukaka akasiyana-siyana.
Chirongwa chemazuva mashanu chekudzidzisa nekupa mabasa panzvimbo iyi chaisanganisira nzira dzekushandisa dzakajairika, nzira dzakanakisisa dzekuchengetedza ma "die and roller", kugadzirisa matambudziko akajairika e "pellets" anosanganisira choke, "soft pellets", uye faindi dzakawandisa, uye nzira dzekuchengetedza zvinyorwa dzinogonesa kuronga nguva yekuchengetedza data. Mutungamiriri wekambani iyi, uyo aive nemakore gumi nemasere eruzivo rwe "pellets", akatsanangura kudzidziswa uku senzira yakarongeka yehunyanzvi yaakawana kubva kune chero mutengesi wemidziyo.
Pakadonha simba remuchina wekugadzira magetsi mumwedzi gumi, izvo zvakazopedzisira zvaita kuti pave nechinhu chakasakara chinobvisa simba remuchina wekupisa, timu yehunyanzvi yeHongyang yakaona dambudziko iri iri kure mukati memaawa mana mushure mekugamuchira magwaro edata rekushandisa, zvichidzivirira shanduko isina kufanira uye zvakachengetedza mari inosvika 3,500 euros muzvikamu uye nguva yekurega kushanda.
Mhedziso
Kuwana mukaka kunotungamira pasi rose muindasitiri yemukaka muIsrael hakusi tsaona yemajini chete. Izvi zvinoratidza hurongwa umo zvese zvinopihwa, kusanganisira majini, kudya kunovaka muviri, manejimendi, kudzora mamiriro ekunze, uye kugadzira chikafu, zvinogadziriswa kuti zvitsigire mashandiro akanaka ehupenyu. Hunhu hwemapereti, kunyangwe husingawanzoonekwi nemutengi, chinhu chakakosha muchikamu ichi.
Zvakaitika paJezreel Valley feed mill iyi zvinoratidza kuti michina chaiyo yekuputira mombe, yakagadzirwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa pakugadzirwa kwemombe dzemukaka uye ichitsigirwa nekubatana kwakasimba, inopa kuvandudzwa kunoonekwa mukugara kwenguva refu kwemombe dzemukaka, kushanda zvakanaka kwemombe, uye mhedzisiro yekurima kune mugadziri wemombe dzemukaka.
Kambani yeHongyang Feed Machinery's HYPM ring die pellet mill, nekusangana nezvinodiwa kuti ipe mombe dzemukaka dzinobereka michero yakawanda pasi rose, yakaratidza nzvimbo yayo mune imwe yenzvimbo dzinonyanya kudiwa dzekugadzira chikafu chemombe pasi rose.
Nezve Hongyang Feed Machinery: Liyang Hongyang Feed Machinery Co., Ltd. inonyanya kugadzira, kugadzira, uye kugovera ma ring die pellet mills, hammer mills, mixers, coolers, crumblers, uye complete feed production lines. Iine ruzivo rwemakore anopfuura makumi maviri muindasitiri, Hongyang inoshandira vagadziri vezvikafu munyika dzinopfuura makumi mashanu muzvikamu zvehuku, zvipfuyo, zvekudya zvemumvura, uye zvekudya zvezvipfuyo.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-13-2026
