Pfupiso yeVatungamiriri
Indasitiri yezvekudya zvemhuka muSouth Africa yakagadzira matani angangoita mamiriyoni mashanu nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemashanu ezvekudya zvakasanganiswa mumwedzi gumi yekutanga ya2025, zvichikwira ne4.1% kubva pakupera kwegore ra2024, zvichienderana nedata reAFMA (Animal Feed Manufacturers Association). Mumusika uyu, chikafu chemombe chemukaka chinomiririra chikamu chakakosha apo mhando yepellet inokanganisa zvakananga goho remukaka uye purofiti yepurazi. Chidzidzo ichi chinoongorora kuti chigayo chekudya chemukaka chepakati nepakati muKwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, chakagadzirisa sei matambudziko ekugara kwenguva refu kwepellet nekutsiva chigayo chayo chekukwegura chakatsetseka neHongyang SKLN series counterflow cooler, chakabatanidzwa neSZLH(HYPM) series ring die pellet mill. Mhedzisiro yacho yaive kuvandudzwa kwePellet Durability Index kubva pa89% kusvika pa97% uye kudzikiswa kwemari inodarika 60%.
1. Mamiriro Eindasitiri: Musika Wezvekudya weSouth Africa Uri Kupora
Musika wezvekudya zvemhuka muSouth Africa waikosheswa pamadhora mabhiriyoni maviri nemakumi mana nematanhatu ($2.46 bhiriyoni) muna 2024 uye unotarisirwa kusvika pamadhora mabhiriyoni matatu negumi nemana ($3.14 bhiriyoni) panosvika gore ra2033, zvichikura paCAGR ye2.74% zvichienderana neIMARC Group. Kugadzirwa kwemukaka ndicho chinhu chakakosha: Kubuda kwemukaka muSouth Africa kwakasvika pamamiriyoni matatu nemakumi manomwe nematatu emamiriyoni muna 2024, nekukura kwemukaka pagore kunotarisirwa kusvika pa2.0% kusvika muna 2028 (USDA Foreign Agricultural Service).
Mushumo weAFMA wezvekudya zvemhuka waGumiguru 2025 wakanyora huwandu hwekudya kwemhuka hunokwana matani 632,068 pamwedzi, kuwedzera kwe2.7% pagore uchienzaniswa naGumiguru 2024. Dr. Lucius Phaleng, mupi wezano wezvekutengeserana kuAFMA, akataura kuti "kukura kwekugadzirwa kwezvikafu zvemhuka mum/m uye y/y kunoratidza kudzoka kweindasitiri" mushure mekuderera kwehupfumi muna 2024. Zvikafu zvemhuka zvemukaka, kunyanya, zvakaona kukura kwakasimba kwezvinodiwa sezvo mapurazi emukaka ekutengesa achiwedzera huwandu hwezvipfuwo uye kutsvaga kudya kwakakwana.
Kune vagadziri vezvikafu vanoshandira chikamu chemukaka, mhando yepellet haisi nzvimbo yekushambadza - chinhu chinodiwa pakushanda. Mombe dzemukaka dzinonzwa kugadzikana kwezvikafu; zvidzidzo zvakaburitswa muJournal of Dairy Science zvakaratidza kuti pelleted concentrates inovandudza kuenderana kwekudya kwezvikafu uye inoderedza maitiro ekuronga zvichienzaniswa nekudya kwakakuyiwa. Kusagara kwenguva refu kwepellets kunotungamira mumari, iyo mombe dzinowanzo ramba, zvichikonzera kuraswa kwechikafu uye kudya zvinovaka muviri zvisina kuenzana.
2. Dambudziko reMutengi
Chigayo chekudya chemombe, chiri kuKwaZulu-Natal Midlands — chimwe chenzvimbo huru dzemukaka muSouth Africa — chinoburitsa matani angangoita 8,000 echikafu chemombe chemukaka pagore. Nzvimbo iyi inoshandira mapurazi emukaka anopfuura 40 ari munzvimbo ine makiromita zana nemakumi mashanu. Muchina wayo wekugadzira waimboshandisa chitofu chemabhandi chakaiswa muna 2014.
Pakutanga kwa2025, vatungamiriri vefekitori vakaona matambudziko matatu aripo:
Chiyero Chekusimba Kwepellet Yakaderera (PDI).** Kuongorora mhando dzepellets dzemukaka kwakaratidza kuti PDI yaisvika pa89%, pasi pe95% yepellets dzechikafu chemukaka. PDI yakaderera yakakonzerwa nekutonhora kusina kuenzana: mhepo inotonhorera yakatwasuka yakaita kuti tembiricha isawirirane kusvika kumadhigirii Celsius gumi nemashanu pamucheto wepellets, zvichikonzera kutsemuka kwekupisa mupellets dzekunze.
Mari dzemitero dzakawandisa.** Kugadzirwa kwemari dzemitero panzvimbo yekuisa zvinhu mubhegi kwakapfuura 4% nehuremu, zvichireva kuti zvaida kuongororwa nekugadziriswazve. Izvi zvakawedzera maawa ekushanda anofungidzirwa kuva 2.3 pakuchinjana uye simba rakawedzerwa kubva pakudzokorodza zvinhu kuburikidza nemuchina wepellet.
Kusawirirana kwehunyoro.** Hunyoro hwekupedzisira hwakasiyana pakati pe10.5% ne14.2%, zvichipfuura chinangwa chakatarwa che12.0% ± 0.5%. Mumamiriro ekunze ekunze emuno muKwaZulu-Natal, kusawirirana kwehunyoro kwakakwidzawo njodzi yekuoma panguva yekuchengetwa nekutakurwa.
Maneja wekushanda kwefekitori akapfupikisa mamiriro acho ezvinhu achiti: "Taigadzira mapellets akanaka padhiri — asi taiva tichirasikirwa nehunhu mushure mekutonhora. Nhamba dzakatiudza kuti chinotonhodza ndicho chaive dambudziko guru."
3. Kuongorora Tekinoroji uye Kusarudzwa kweMidziyo
Chigayo chakaongorora nzira nhatu: kugadzirisa chitonhodzo chemvura chakarara chiripo, kutenga chitonhodzo chemvura chakareruka chakashandiswa kubva kumutengesi wekuEurope, kana kuisa mari mumidziyo mitsva. Mushure memavhiki matanhatu ekuongorora, timu yakasarudza tekinoroji itsva yekutonhodza mvura nekuda kwezvikonzero zvinotevera:
Kushanda zvakanaka kwekupisa.** Mafiriji emvura anotonhorera anoshandisa musimboti wekuti mhepo inotonhorera inopinda pasi pekoramu yepellet uye inofamba ichikwira ichipesana nekuyerera kwemvura inopisa inoyerera. Izvi zvinogadzira mwero wekupisa wakafanana zvishoma nezvishoma. Tsvagiridzo yakaburitswa neAmerican Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) inosimbisa kuti kutonhora kwemvura inoyerera kunoderedza kupwanyika kwekupisa nekuchengetedza musiyano wekupisa usingapfuuri madhigirii mashanu Celsius muhuwandu hwepellet — zvichienzaniswa ne15 kusvika 20 degrees Celsius mumasisitimu akatambanuka.
Kudzora nguva yekugara.** Dhizaini yekufamba kwemvura inobvumira kugadziriswa kwakanyatsojeka kwenguva yekugara kwepellet kuburikidza nenzira inoburitsa mvura nekukurumidza. Mapellet echikafu chemukaka, anowanzova 4 kusvika 6 mm mudhayamita ane mafuta akawanda anobva muzvinhu zveprotein, anoda nguva yakareba yekutonhodza kupfuura chikafu chehuku chakajairwa. Kuyerera kwemvura kunogadziriswa kunoita kuti vashandi vakwanise kufananidza nguva yekutonhodza nehunhu hwepellet pane kugamuchira kumhanya kwemuchina wekutakura zvinhu.
Kushandiswa kwesimba.** Nekuti ma "counterflow cooler" anoshandisa mhepo inodziya inodziya, anoda simba shoma refeni pane ma "horizontal cooler" kuti ashande zvakafanana. Ongororo yesimba remuchina wekugadzira magetsi yakaratidza kudzikira kwekushandiswa kwemagetsi ane chekuita nekutonhodza kweinenge 18%.
Midziyo yakasarudzwa yaive Hongyang SKLN series counterflow cooler, yakabatana ne series ring die pellet mill iripo yatove kushanda mumutsara wekugadzira. SKLN series yakagadzirirwa kushanda nguva dzose muma feed mills ari pakati nepakati kusvika makuru, ine zvinhu zvinosanganisira pneumatic discharge system, integrated cyclone yekudzoreredza fines, uye stainless steel mesh bed kudzivirira pellet deformation.
4. Kuitwa uye Mhedzisiro
Kuiswa kwacho kwakapedzwa muna Chikunguru 2025 munguva yakatarwa yekugadzirisa kwemaawa makumi manomwe nemaviri. Chikwata chehunyanzvi cheHongyang chakapa rutsigiro rwekugadziriswa kwemhepo chiri kure, kusanganisira kuyera kuyerera kwemhepo, kuronga huwandu hwekubuda kwemhepo, uye kudzidziswa kwevashandisi vehurongwa hwekutarisa hunyoro.
Chigayo ichi chakaedza mashandiro emazuva makumi matatu, zvikaratidza mhedzisiro inotevera:
| Chiyero Chekushanda | Pamberi (Horizontal Cooler) | Mushure me (SKLN Counterflow) | Kuvandudzwa |
|---|---|---|---|
| — | — | — | — |
| Nhamba Yekusimba Kwepellet (PDI) | 89.2% | 97.1% | +7.9 muzana mapoinzi |
| Mari dzefaindi panzvimbo yekutakura zvinhu | 4.1% nehuremu | 1.5% nehuremu | -63.4% |
| Kugadzikana kwehunyoro hwekupedzisira | 10.5%–14.2% | 11.8%–12.3% | Mukati me ± 0.5% zvirevo |
| Kushandiswa kwesimba kunotonhorera | 18.5 kW | 15.2 kW | -17.8% |
| Kugadzirisazve maawa ekushanda pashifiti imwe neimwe | Maawa maviri nehafu | Maawa 0.4 | -82.6% |
Kuvandudzwa kwePDI kubva pa89.2% kusvika pa97.1% kwakaisa goho remuchina wekugadzira zvinhu pamusoro pe95% yezvinodiwa neindasitiri. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti mhedzisiro yacho yakaramba yakafanana mukati menguva yese yekuedza kwemazuva makumi matatu, kusanganisira munguva yezhizha reKwaZulu-Natal ine hunyoro apo tembiricha dzekunze dzaipfuura madhigirii makumi matatu Celsius nguva nenguva.
5. Mhinduro dzeVatengi uye Ruzivo rweBasa
Maneja wekushanda kwefekitori akataura zvinhu zvitatu zvakacherechedzwa panguva yekuongorora mushure mekuiswa kwayo:
Chekutanga, kudzikiswa kwemari yefaindi kwakavandudza hukama nevatengi. "Varimi vedu vemukaka vakaona nekukurumidza. Guruva shoma muzvidyiro zvechikafu zvaireva kuti kuramba kwavo kwakaderera, uye vakarega kufona vachiti zvinhu hazvina kumira zvakanaka."
Chechipiri, kugadziriswa kuri nyore kweSKLN cooler kwakaderedza nguva yekushanda. Sisitimu yekuburitsa mhepo ine zvinhu zvishoma zvinofamba kupfuura mechanical rack-and-pinion mechanism yeyaimbova horizontal cooler, uye nzvimbo yemubhedha wesimbi isina ngura iri nyore kuchenesa pakati pemabheti ekugadzira.
Chechitatu, kupindura kwechikwata cheHongyang panguva yekupa basa kwakaonekwa sechinhu chinosiyanisa. Pakamuka dambudziko diki rekugadzirisa ne sensor yemhepo pazuva rechipiri rekushanda, timu yehunyanzvi yakapa parameter yakagadziriswa mukati memaawa mana kuburikidza ne remote access, kugadzirisa dambudziko pasina kuda kushanyirwa panzvimbo yacho.
6. Mhedziso
Nyaya iyi inoratidza kuti tekinoroji yekutonhodza - inowanzoonekwa seimwe yepfungwa huru mukugadzira chigayo chekudyisa - inogona kuva chinhu chikuru mumhando yepellet yekudya kwemombe dzemukaka. Kusanganiswa kweHongyang's ring die pellet mill neSKLN counterflow cooler kwakaita kuti chigayo cheKwaZulu-Natal chikwanise kuwedzera PDI yacho neinenge 8 muzana, kuderedza faindi neinopfuura 60%, uye kuwana hunyoro hwakafanana mukati mebhandi remhando dzakasimba. Mumusika umo chikamu chemukaka muSouth Africa chiri kukura ne2% pagore uye vagadziri vekudya vari kukwikwidzana nemhando kwete mutengo chete, mari inoshandiswa mumidziyo yekutevera pellet inopa mhedzisiro inoyerwa mukushanda zvakanaka uye kuchengetedza vatengi.
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Manyuko edata: AFMA Animal Feed Report (Gumiguru 2025); IMARC Group, “South Africa Animal Feed Market Size & Demand 2033″; USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, “South Africa Dairy and Products Annual”; ASABE Standard S319.4, “Nzira yekuona nekuratidza kunaka kwezvikafu nekushandisa Seeving.”*
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-29-2026
