Pfupiso yeVatungamiriri
Chidzidzo ichi chinoratidza dhizaini, kuiswa, uye mashandiro eMutsetse wekugadzira chikafu chehuku nemhuka une matani gumi paawa imwe neimweYakaendeswa neHongyang Feed Machinery kune imwe nzvimbo yekutengesera chikafu muPunjab Province, Pakistan. Yakatangwa kutanga kwa2025, kambani iyi yakatsiva chirimwa chekare che4 t/h chakanga chava dambudziko guru munharaunda umo chikamu chehuku chinopa mari inosvika PKR 350–450 bhiriyoni (US$1.2–1.5 bhiriyoni) pagore uye inotsigira mabasa anopfuura mamiriyoni 1.5 (Pakistan Poultry Association, 2024). Data repashure pekutumirwa kubva pahwindo rekugadzira kwemazuva makumi mapfumbamwe (Kurume–Chivabvu 2025) rinoratidza kufambira mberi kwekushanda pahuwandu hwakatarwa, pellet durability index (PDI) values ye96.2–97.8%, kusanganisa kufanana pasi pe5% CV, uye kushandiswa kwesimba kwe41.3 kWh/t pahuwandu hwakazara.
1. Nhoroondo yeMusika
Indasitiri yehuku muPakistan inogadzira matani anofungidzirwa kuva mamiriyoni 1.25–1.40 enyama yehuku yekutengesa uye mazai anosvika mabhiriyoni 18.5 pagore (Economic Survey of Pakistan, 2023–24).Zvigayo zvekudyisa chikafu mazana matatuinoshanda munyika yese ine simba rematani mamiriyoni gumi kusvika gumi nemaviri pagore, kunyangwe kushandiswa chaiko kuri pakati pe68-78% nekuda kwekushaikwa kwezvinhu zvakabikwa nguva nenguva — kunyanya chibage nesoya — uye kukanganiswa kwesimba remagetsi mwaka (Pakistan Feed Manufacturers Association, 2024).
Chigayo chakanyorwa pano chiri muFaisalabad industrial corridor, ichishandira mabasa ekugadzira huku dzemombe dzakabatana, mapurazi akazvimiririra, uye mapurazi emukaka ekutengeserana ari kuchinja kuita zvekudya zvinobva kuTMR. Zvinhu zviviri zvakaita kuti pave nesarudzo yekudyara mari muna 2024-25: kuwedzera kwekudiwa kwechikafu kwakamanikidza mutsetse wekare we4 t/h kushanda pa105-110% yehuwandu hwemaplate panguva dzepamusoro, uye kusagadzikana kwemitengo yezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa - mitengo yechibage muPunjab yaichinja-chinja pakati pePKR 2,200 nePKR 3,600 pahuwandu - zvakaita kuti kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira kuve chinhu chakakosha.
2. Dambudziko reVatengi uye Zvinodiwa
Vatungamiriri vefekitori vakaburitsa gwaro reRFQ pakati pa2024 rine hunyanzvi hunotevera:
| Paramita | Zvinodiwa neMutengi |
|---|---|
| Kugona kwakatarwa | 10 t/awa (mapellets apera) |
| Hukuru hwePellet | 2–8 mm (nyama yemombe, nyama yemombe, mombe) |
| Chiratidzo cheKusimba kwePellet (PDI) | ≥95% (ASAE S269.4) |
| Kusanganisa kufanana (CV) | ≤5% |
| Kushandiswa kwesimba kwakananga | ≤45 kWh/t (mutsetse wakazara) |
Zvipingamupinyi zvenzvimbo zvaisanganisira nzvimbo yekugadzira ye28 m × 14 m (yakagoverwa netambo iripo), mutoro wemagetsi we750 kVA wakatenderwa, uye bhaira remarasha re4 t/h raida kugadziriswa kwemusoro chete kuti ripe maconditioner matsva. Rudzi rwezvinhu zvakabikwa — hupfu hwechibage nesoya, negorosi neganda remupunga senzvimbo dzemwaka — zvaida kugayiwa kwemvura yakasiyana-siyana (chibage: 13–16%).
3. Kuongorora Kwehunyanzvi uye Kugadziriswa Kwemidziyo
Hongyang Feed Machinery yakaita ongororo yemazuva matatu panzvimbo iyi muna Gumiguru 2024, ichitarisa marongerwo enzvimbo, zvivakwa zvemagetsi, kugona kwemhepo, uye kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakabikwa. Magadzirirwo akaitwa mushure meawa imwe chete.kusanganisa-batch, kuramba-kuburitsakuyerera kwemaitiro:
3.1 Midziyo mikuru
| Chikamu | Midziyo | Muenzaniso | Tsanangudzo yeKiyi |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kukuya | Chigayo chenyundo chinotenderera misodzi | SDH-ZW50C | 132 kW, 1,480 rpm, 10–12 t/h pa 3.0 mm skrini |
| Kusanganisa | Musanganiswa wepaddle une shaft mbiri | SSHJ.2 | 18.5 kW, 2,000 L batch, CV ≤5% |
| Kubatanidza | Chikero chemagetsi chemabhaini akawanda | HY-PB-10 | Kururama kwemabhini gumi, ±0.2% |
| Kupisa | Chigayo chepellet chinogadzirwa nemhete | SZLH420 | 110 kW, die ID 420 mm, 8–12 t/h kugona |
| Kugadzirisa | Chitonhodzi chine mativi maviri | HY-CL420 | Kuchengetedza 120–180 s, kubuda kwemvura 82–92°C |
| Kutonhodza | Chinotonhorera chinotonhorera mvura inoyerera | SKLN6 | Kubuda kwemvura ≤ munzvimbo +5°C |
| Kuongorora | Chidziviriro chekuyera cheRotary | SFJH125 | Madhiki matatu, 3 kW |
| Kurongedza | Chikero chega chega | SDBY-P | 10–50 kg/bhegi, 10–12 mabhegi/miniti |
| Kuunganidza guruva | Pulse jet bhegi firita | TBLFa nhevedzano | Kubuda kwemhepo ≤20 mg/m³ |
3.2 Sarudzo Dzakakosha dzeUinjiniya
Nzira Yekukuya
Chivharo che 3.0 mm chakatsanangurwa kuti chishandiswe pakugadzira huku, zvichiburitsa saizi yepakati ye 650–750 µm — ndiyo yakanakisisa pakugadzira nyama yemombe FCR (Amerah et al., 2007). Chikafu chemombe chakashandisa chivharo che 4.0 mm pakukuya zvakanyanya.
Ruzivo rweMhete yeRing
SZLH420 yaive nechiyero chekudzvanywa kwe1:10 (broiler) uye 1:12 (layer), yakasarudzwa kubva kudhatabhesi reHongyang kuti ienderane nekudya kwechibage-soya kwe14-16% kwakawanda muPunjab.
Kuchengetwa kweConditioner
Chinogadzirisa muviri chine double-layer retention yemasekondi 150–180 pa10 t/awa chinodarika chiyero chemasekondi 120 chakabatana ne starch gelatinization yakakwana (>30%) yekudya kwechibage chine PDI yakawanda (Thomas et al., 1998), zvichibatsira mazinga ehunyoro hwezvinhu zvakabikwa munharaunda iyi.
4. Kuisa uye Kuisa Komisheni
Midziyo yakatumirwa kubva kuLiyang, China, yakasvika paKarachi Port muna Zvita 2024 uye yakaendeswa kuFaisalabad kutanga kwaNdira 2025. Kuiswa kwacho kwakapera mumazuva makumi mana nemana (Ndira 15–Kukadzi 28, 2025), panguva iyo mainjiniya maviri emakanika eHongyang neinjiniya wemagetsi mumwe chete vakashanda pamwe chete nechikwata chemutengi chekugadzirisa vanhu vatanhatu - chirongwa chekudzidzisa nepfungwa.
Kutangwa kwechirongwa kwakaitika mumatanho matatu:
Michina yega yega yakasimbiswa kuti inotenderera, inodedera, uye ine parameter dzemagetsi. Kudedera kwebearing main bearing kwaive ne2.3 mm/s RMS — mukati meISO 10816-3 Class III limits.
Kugadzirwa kwemhando imwe chete kunoshanda pa4, 7, uye 10 t/h pakudya kwebroiler starter diet (CP 23%). Pa10 t/h, mutoro wemota yepellet mill waive 92–96% yesimba rakatarwa, tembiricha yekuburitsa conditioner yaive 88–91°C, uye PDI yakasvika 96.4%.
Mafomu eLayer (CP 17%) nemombe (CP 14%) akasimbisa kuti mhando yepellets yaienderana nezvinodiwa pakudya kwese kutatu.
Chirongwa chekudzidzisa vashandi chaitora maawa makumi mana chakabatanidza kuongororwa kwezuva nezuva, matanho ekutanga/kudzima, kugadzirisa steam, maitiro ekuchinja screen ne die, uye kugadzirisa matambudziko. Zvekushandisa pakudzidzisa zvakapihwa muChirungu nechiUrdu, zvichiwedzerwa nebhuku rekushandisa rakanyorwa.
5. Mhedzisiro Yekushanda(Hwindo reMazuva 90: Kurume–Chivabvu 2025)
5.1 Kuburitswa kwesimba
| Kugadzira | Avhareji (t/h) | Range | Kushandiswa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chipfuyo chehuku (3–4 mm) | 10.2 | 9.4–10.8 | 102% |
| Rutivi (4–5 mm) | 9.8 | 9.1–10.5 | 98% |
| Mombe (6–8 mm) | 10.6 | 9.8–11.2 | 106% |
5.2 Hunhu hwePellet uye Kushanda Nesimba Zvakanaka
| Kugadzira | PDI (Avhareji ± SD) | Simba Rakananga (kWh/t) |
|---|---|---|
| Nyama yemombe | 96.8% ± 0.7% | 41.3 |
| Rutivi | 96.2% ± 0.9% | 42.1 |
| Mombe | 95.4% ± 1.1% | 39.8 |
Kusanganisa kufanana, kwakaongororwa kuburikidza ne crude protein CV pa 30 broiler batches uye 18 layer batches, kwakawana avhareji ye 4.3% uye 4.6% zvichiteerana - zvese zviri mukati me ≤5% target (ASAE D241.4).
5.3 Pfupiso yeKushanda
| Chiyero | Chinangwa | Zvawanikwa | Chinzvimbo |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kuburitswa kwesimba | 10.0 t/awa | 9.8–10.6 t/awa | Zvapfuura |
| PDI | ≥95% | 95.4–96.8% | Zvapfuura |
| Kusanganisa CV | ≤5% | 4.1–4.8% | Zvapfuura |
| Simba chairo | ≤45 kWh/t | 39.8–42.1 kWh/t | Zvapfuura |
| Mwero wekuumbwa kwepellet | ≥95% | 96.5% (avhareji) | Zvapfuura |
6. Rutsigiro rweBasa uye Mushure meKutengesa
Hongyang akapa kit yekutanga yezvishandiso zvekuchengetedza (US$18,500), kusanganisira seti imwe chete yehammers, madhiri maviri ering, seti imwe yemaroller, mabheringi, uye zvisimbiso - saizi yemaawa ekushanda 1,200. Munhu anotaura Chirungu akapihwa mukana wekubata WhatsApp uye email-based remote support. Mumazuva makumi mapfumbamwe ekutanga, zvikamu zvitatu zviri kure zvakagadzirisa alarm yenhema yekudedera, kugadzirisa kumanikidzwa kwemhepo yemutsi kuti chibage chive nehunyoro hwakawanda (16.2%), uye kugadzirisa damper mushure mekuchinja screen. Chibvumirano chekugovera chinotsanangura kutumira mainjiniya panzvimbo kwemazuva gumi ekushanda kune matambudziko asingagadziriswe ari kure; kubva muna Chivabvu 2025, hapana kushanya panzvimbo kwave kwakakosha.
7. Mhedziso
Kuiswa kwetambo dzekudya dzinosvika 10 t/h paFaisalabad kunoratidza kuti sisitimu ye ring die pelleting yakagadzirwa zvakanaka inogona kupa simba rinoonekwa, kunaka kwepellet, uye kuwedzera kwesimba muindasitiri yekudya muPakistan. Zvinhu zvitatu zvakaita kuti chirongwa ichi chibudirire:
Kurongeka kwakarurama kwezvirambidzo zvenzvimbo isati yatengeswa (simba, utsi, nzvimbo)
Kugadzirisa ma process-parameter panguva yekuiswa kwe conditioner, kunyanya nguva yekuchengetedza conditioner uye kufa kwakatarwa
Kudzidziswa kwemushandisi kwakaita kuti pave nekushanda kwenguva refu muchikamu chekugadzira zvinhu
Kune Hongyang Feed Machinery, kubatana uku kunosimbisa kukosha kwekubata kuwanikwa kwemidziyo sebasa rakabatanidzwa rekugadzira maitiro pane kutengesa kwekutengeserana. Sezvo chikamu chehuku muPakistan chichiwedzera neanofungidzirwa kuva 8–12% pagore, kugona kupa mhedzisiro yekugadzirwa yakavimbika uye yakanyorwa kucharamba kuri chinhu chikuru chinosiyanisa musika uyu.
Mareferensi
- Amerah, AM, et al. (2007). Saizi yezvikamu zvechikafu: Zvinokanganisa kugaya chikafu uye mashandiro ehuku.Chinyorwa cheSainzi yeHuku dzePasirose, 63(3), 439–455.
- Ongororo yezvehupfumi yePakistan (2023–24). Bazi reMari, Hurumende yePakistan.
- Sangano reVagadziri veZvekudya zvePakistan (2024).Mushumo wegore negore weindasitiri.
- Sangano reHuku rePakistan (2024).Mupiro weHuku muHupfumi hweNyika.
- Thomas, M., et al. (1998). Hunhu hwechikafu chemhuka chakabikwa mupellet. 2.Sainzi neTekinoroji yeZvekudya zveMhuka, 70(3), 235–250.
- ASAE S269.4, S319.3, D241.4; ISO 10816-3.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-27-2026
