Kugadzirwa kweChikafu cheNhove dzeCatfish dzeNigeria neHongyang Ring Die Pellet Mill | Chidzidzo Chenyaya

Pfupiso yeVatungamiriri

Nigeria ndiyo nyika huru inogadzira hove muAfrica iri pasi peSahara, asi chikamu chayo chehove chichiri kutsamira zvakanyanya pakutengwa kwehove. Muna 2024, nyika yakatenga hove dzinosvika 300,000 kusvika 400,000 metric tonnes dzehove nezvinhu zvinoshandiswa pagore, ichishandisa mari inodarika $1.2 bhiriyoni kuti ivhare mukaha wekuda kwehove dzinosvika mamiriyoni 2.4. Chigayo chehove chepakati nepakati muOgun State, kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweNigeria, chakatsvaga kutsiva chikafu chehove chinobuda mumvura chakaiswa kunze kwenyika nezvimwe zvakagadzirwa munharaunda yehove dzecatfish (Clarias gariepinus) neNile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Mushure mekuongorora vatengesi vemidziyo yakawanda, chigayo chakasarudza chigayo cheHongyang SZLH series ring die pellet chakabatanidzwa nesystem yekubvisa hove. Mukati memwedzi mitanhatu yekutangwa, nzvimbo iyi yakawana kugona kwekugadzira kwe3.5–4 metric tonnes paawa, pellet durability index (PDI) pamusoro pe96%, uye mvura yakagadzikana kupfuura maawa matanhatu ehove dzinobuda mumvura. Zviyero zvekuchinja kwezvikafu (FCR) zvakashumwa nevatengi vepasi pemvura zvakawedzera kubva paavhareji ye1.8:1 kusvika 1.4:1 zvichienzaniswa nezvikafu zvekutengesa zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika. Chidzidzo ichi chinoongorora zvikonzero zvehunyanzvi zviri shure kwesarudzo yemidziyo, mhedzisiro yekugadzira, uye mabhenefiti anooneka ehupfumi anowanikwa nekambani yeNigeria yekudya.

## 1. Nzvimbo yeNigeria yeKudya Kwemvura: Musika Uri Padanho Rekumanikidzwa

Musika wekudya kwemhuka muNigeria wakasvika matani angangoita mamiriyoni gumi nemashanu negumi nemasere (15.18 million metric tonnes) muna 2024, neaquafeed ichimiririra rimwe remadunhu ari kukura nekukurumidza. Kukura kwehove munyika kunokonzerwa nehove dzecatfish—dzinoumba 70% yehove dzinochengetwa—uye tilapia, izvo zvakaona kushandiswa kwakakurumidza mukuchengetedza hove dzemakeji munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzeOgun, Lagos, neDelta.

Pasinei nekukura uku, kugona kwekugadzira chikafu chehove dzemumba kwaderera zvakanyanya. Sangano reNational Institute for Freshwater Fisheries Research (NIFFR) rakanyora kuti mafekitori ekudya emuno anogadzira matani angangoita mamiriyoni 1.2 pagore zvichienzaniswa nezvinodiwa zvinodarika mamiriyoni 3.6 emamiriyoni emamiriyoni. Kushomeka uku kwagara kuchizadzwa nezvinotengeswa kubva kuMorocco, Mauritania, Brazil, nevatengesi vekuEurope vakaita seSkretting neAller Aqua.

Mamiriro ehupfumi akawedzera kukosha kwekutsiva kwenzvimbo. Pakati pepakati pa2024 nekutanga kwa2025, Naira yeNigeria yakaderera ne50% zvichienzaniswa nedhora rekuAmerica, zvichiwedzera mutengo wekudya kwemhuka dzinobva kunze kwenyika ne30-50%. Pakupera kwa2025, bhegi re15 kg rechikafu chemhuka chinobuda kunze kwenyika raitengeswa nemutengo weinenge ₦42,000 - mutengo wakaita kuti mabasa ekurima hove asashande zvakanaka kune varimi vazhinji vadiki nevepakati.

Dambudziko remitengo iri rakakonzera dambudziko pamwe nemukana kune vagadziri vezvikafu zvemuno: kuisa mari muzvishandiso zvinokwanisa kugadzira chikafu chinoyangarara pamutengo unokwikwidzana, kana kurasikirwa nemugove wemusika zvachose.

## 2. Chikonzero Chekusarudza Midziyo: Sei Ring Die Ichishandiswa Pamwe Chete Nezvimwe Zvimwe

Mushandi wemugayo weOgun State akaongorora nzira nhatu dzetekinoroji dzekugadzira chikafu chehove chinoyangarara:

Tekinoroji Mari Yekushanda Mutengo wePellet Hunhu Hwakakodzera kuNigeria
— — — — — —
Chinobuda nescrew imwe chete (chinopinzwa kunze kwenyika) Chakakwirira kwazvo Chakakwirira (zvishandiso zvekuchengetedza) Chakanaka Kwazvo Chakaderera—nguva refu yekutungamira, FX exposure
Chigayo chepellet chakapfava chemunharaunda Chishoma Chisina kugadzikana Kufamba zvakanaka pakati nepakati—kurasikirwa kwakanyanya, simba shoma
Ring die pellet mill + post-conditioning Pakati Nepakati Yakakwirira (ine conditioning yakakodzera) Yakakwirira—yakasimba, inogadziriswa, yakasimbiswa

Mushandi akasarudza nzira ye ring die nekuda kwezvikonzero zvitatu zvakakosha. Chekutanga, ma ring die pellet mills anoshanda ne throughput yakakwira pa kilowatt-awa pane dzimwe nzira dze flat-die, nehukuru hwayo hunosvika kubva pa 1 kusvika ku 20 metric tonnes paawa zvichienderana ne die die uye motor rating. Chechipiri, ring die yakagadzirwa zvakanaka ine compression ratio yakakodzera uye steam conditioning inogona kuwana gelatinization levels yakakwana yekugadzira floating pellets isina expander yakatsaurirwa - kuchengetedza mari yakawanda. Chechitatu, kuwanikwa kwezvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa munharaunda zvakaita se dies, rollers, uye bearings kwakakosha mumusika uko nguva yekushanda kwemidziyo inopinzwa kunze kwenyika inowanzosvika mavhiki nekuda kwe custom clearance uye logistics bottlenecks.

Chigayo cheHongyang SZLH ring die pellet, chine mota huru ye160 kW, conditioner yesimbi isingatsvedzeri, uye ring die ine chiyero chekudzvanywa che1:8.5 chakagadzirirwa maformulations emvura anoyangarara, chakasarudzwa mushure mekunge mugadziri apa bvunzo dzemafema chaiwo achishandisa samples dzezvinhu zvakabikwa zvekuNigeria—kusanganisira soya yemuno, keke renzungu, uye cassava starch binder—panzvimbo yavo yekuyedza yeLiyang.

## 3. Kushanda Kwekugadzira uye Zviyero Zvemhando Yepellet

Kutangwa kwekambani kwakaitika munaGunyana 2025, kugadzirwa kwacho kwakawedzera kusvika muna Mbudzi. Zviratidzo zvikuru zvekushanda zvakanyorwa munguva yemwedzi mina yakatevera yekutarisa zvinotsanangurwa pazasi:

Chinotarisirwa Chaicho (Avhareji yeMwedzi 4)
— — — —
Kuburitswa kwesimba (metric matani/awa) 3.0 3.6
Nhamba Yekusimba Kwepellet (PDI) ≥95% 96.4%
Kugadzikana kwemvura (kunoyangarara, maawa) ≥4 maawa 6.2 maawa
Kuwanda kwehuwandu (kg/m³) 450–500 472
Mwero wekunyura kwePellet <5% pamaminitsi makumi matatu 2.8%
Kushandiswa kweSimba (kWh/tani) ≤45 42.3
Nguva Yebasa reMagetsi (matani asati atsiviwa) 8,000 Munzira—matani 2,400 kusvika pakusakara <0.3 mm

Mhedzisiro yePDI ye96.4% yakakosha zvikuru pakudyisa hove mumvura inoyangarara. Kugara kwenguva refu kunoderedza kugadzirwa kwemari yefaindi panguva yekufambisa, kuisa mubhegi, uye kutakurwa - faindi dzaizonyura pakarepo padzinoiswa mudziva, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwehunhu hwemvura netsvina. Kugadzikana kwemvura kunodarika maawa matanhatu kunoita kuti mapellets arambe aripo uye akasimba mukati menguva yekudyisa hove dzekatsi, zvichibvumira varimi kutarisa nemaziso kushandiswa uye kugadzirisa huwandu hwekudyisa.

Zviyero zvekuchinja kwezvikafu zvakashumwa nemapurazi gumi nemaviri ari pasi perwizi akateverwa nechigayo zvakaratidza avhareji ye1.4:1 panguva yekukura kwehove, zvichienzaniswa ne1.8:1 yezvikafu zvakatorwa kunze kwenyika zvaimboshandiswa. Pamutengo wezvikafu, kuvandudzika uku kunoreva kuchengetedza mari yezvikafu patani yehove dzakatorwa—chinzvimbo chikuru chekukwikwidzana nevarimi.

## 4. Kukanganisa Kwehupfumi uye Mhinduro dzeVatengi

Kuchinja kubva pakudya kwemhuka dzinotengeswa kunze kwenyika kuenda kune zvekudya zvinogadzirwa munharaunda kwakaunza mabhenefiti matatu akawedzera hupfumi:

1. Kuderedzwa kwemutengo wezvikafu: Mutengo wekare wefekitori pabhegi re15 kg waive ₦28,000, 33% pasi pemutengo wekutengeswa kwezvimwe zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika pa₦42,000.

2. Kuvimbika kwecheni yekugovera: Nguva yekuburitsa chikafu yakadonha kubva pamavhiki matanhatu kusvika masere (kutenderera kwekupinza) kusvika maawa makumi mana nemasere (kutumirwa kwemuno). Varimi vaigona kuodha chikafu kana chadiwa pane kuchengetedza masheya anodhura ekuchengetedza chikafu.

3. Kuchinjika kwekugadzirwa kwezviyo: Chigayo ichi chinogona kugadzirisa huwandu hwemapuroteni uye kuumbwa kwezvinhu zvacho zvichienderana nekuwanikwa kwezvinhu zvakabikwa mumwaka—zvichisanganisira huwandu hwakawanda hwekeke renzungu panguva yekukohwa uye kuchinjira kuhupfu hwesoya kana mitengo yahwo yaifarira—pasina kukanganisa kunaka kwepellet.

Maneja wekugadzira wefekitori, akabvunzurudzwa mushure mechikamu chekutanga chekushanda, akati: “Takamboedza mimwe michina miviri kare. Mumwe waisagona kuchengetedza kunyorova kwepellets kupfuura maawa maviri; mumwe waifa mavhiki matatu ega ega. Muchina weHongyang wave kushanda kwemwedzi mina uchingogadziriswa nguva nenguva. Vatengi vedu vanoti chikafu chinoramba chiri mumvura uye hove dzinodya zvakanyanya.”

## 5. Mhedziso

Musika wekudya kwehove muNigeria wasvika padanho repamusoro. Kukwira kwemitengo yekupinza zvinhu kunze kwenyika, kudzikira kwemari, uye kukura kwekurima hove zviri kumanikidza indasitiri kugadzira chikafu chemuno. Nyaya yeOgun State inoratidza kuti chigayo che ring die pellet chakatsanangurwa zvakanaka—chakagadzirwa ne die geometry inoenderana nemafomu acho, steam conditioning yakakwana, uye kubata kwakasimba mushure me pellet—chinogona kugadzira chikafu che catfish ne tilapia chinoyangarara padanho rekutengeserana, chine hunhu hwakanaka hunosangana kana kupfuura dzimwe nzira dzinobva kunze kwenyika.

KuHongyang, kuiswa kwekambani iyi muNigeria kunosimbisa mukurumbira wekambani iyi mumisika umo kugona kwayo kusimba, kugona kushanda zvakanaka, uye kugona kuchinjika mukugadzirwa kwayo zvakakosha sehuwandu hwezvinhu zvinobuda. Kushanda zvakanaka kwekambani iyi mukugadzirwa kwayo kakawanda kunosimbisa kuti SZLH ring die platform yakakodzera nzvimbo dzakaoma dzekushanda uye mhando dzakasiyana dzezvinhu zvinogadzirwa muWest Africa.

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Mareferensi eData: Nhamba dzehuwandu hwemusika wezvekudya zvemhuka muNigeria kubva kuResearch and Markets (2025); nhamba dzezvekudya zvehove zvinounzwa uye mitengo kubva kuThe Nation Newspaper nemishumo yeindasitiri pamusoro pechikamu chekupfuya hove muNigeria; data rekushandurwa kwezvekudya rakataurwa neongororo yevatengi vekambani iyi, Zvita 2025–Kurume 2026.