Pfupiso yeVatungamiriri
Chikamu chenguruve muColombia chiri pakati pekuwedzera kuri kuramba kuchienderera mberi, nekugadzirwa kwenguruve munyika yose kusvika matani 663,875 muna 2025 - kuwedzera kwe9.1% kupfuura gore rapfuura - uye huwandu hwechikafu chenguruve hwakaita 26.5% yehuwandu hwechikafu chenguruve hunosvika matani 13.2 miriyoni munyika, zvichienderana nedata reANDI neDANE. Munzvimbo iyi yakakura, vagadziri venguruve vakabatana vanoshanda nemafekitori avo ekudya vanotarisana nechinhu chimwe chete chakakosha: kuburitswa kwemafuta nguva dzose, kusingadzoreki. Chidzidzo ichi chinoongorora mashandiro enguruve akabatana muAntioquia — dhipatimendi guru rekugadzira nyama yenguruve muColombia, richipa 41.8% yemubereko wenyika — rakatsiva OEM ring dies yaro ne custom-engineered dies kubva kuLiyang Hongyang Feed Machinery Co., Ltd. Mukati memwedzi mitanhatu yekuongorora, Hongyang dies dzakaramba dzakagadzikana 10 matani paawa throughput pasina kuyerwa throughput declude inokonzerwa nekusakara kwemarara, delivered pellet durability index (PDI) avhareji ye94.2%, uye yakawedzera hupenyu hwebasa remarara neanenge 40% zvichienzaniswa nemutengesi wekare. Mutengo wemarara patani yechikafu chinogadzirwa wakaderera ne16%.
1. Chikamu cheKudya Kwenguruve muColombia: Chiyero, Kumanikidzwa, uye Kukosha kweKugadzikana
Indasitiri yezvekudya zvemhuka muColombia yakaburitsa matani mamiriyoni 13.2 muna 2025, kuwedzera kwe20.2% gore negore kwakapfuura avhareji yekukura kwe7.1% yemakore mashanu, zvichienderana neANDI Sectoral Chamber of the Animal Feed Industry. Zvekudya zvenguruve zvakaita 26.5% yehuwandu uhu - anenge matani mamiriyoni 3.5 - zvichiita kuti ive chikamu chechipiri pakukura kwezvekudya mushure mehuku.
Nzvimbo yekugadzirwa kwenguruve yakanyanya kuwanda. Antioquia chete ndiyo inopa 41.8% yehuwandu hwenguruve muColombia, neBogotá (15.1%), Valle del Cauca (15.2%), neMeta (10.2%) zvichitora chikamu chikuru chezvasara. Kudyiwa kwenguruve muColombia kuri kuramba kuchiwedzera, asi nyama yenguruve inotengwa kunze kwenyika — matani 176,758 muna 2025, kunyanya kubva kuUnited States (69.3%), Canada (14.8%), neChile (11.6%) — inomanikidza varimi vemuno kuti vakwikwidzane pamutengo uye mhando.
Kune nguruve dzinoshanda pamwe chete dzinogadzira chikafu chadzo, chigayo chepellet ndicho chinhu chikuru chinoitwa nechirongwa chose chezvekudya. Chero kuchinja-chinja kwehuwandu hwezvikafu, kuyerera kwemhando yepamusoro, kana kumira kusina kurongwa kunopinda zvakananga mumatura ekupedzisa. Muindasitiri umo chikafu chinomiririra 65–70% yemutengo wekugadzira wese uye uko kuenderana kwehuremu hwekupedzisa kuri chiyero chakakosha chekutengeserana, kugadzikana kwekugadzirwa hakusi "chinhu chakanaka kuva nacho" - ndiyo hwaro hwekushanda.
2. Dambudziko reMutengi: Kubudirira Kwemari Kunoderera uye Mari dzechikwereti Dzinokwira Paanofa Akwegura
Nyaya yenyaya iyi inyaya yemugadziri wenguruve akabatana nemusoro uri muAntioquia. Basa iri rinosanganisira kuberekesa, kuchengeta vana, kugadzira zvirimwa, uye kugadzira chikafu panzvimbo yacho chakavakirwa pachikamu chepellet chinogadzirwa kuEurope chine simba rematani gumi paawa. Chigayo ichi chinogadzira zvirimwa zvenguruve zvinokura nezvinopedzisa - kunyanya zvirimwa zvechibage nesoya zvine 14-16% crude protein, 3.0-3.5% crude fat, uye 5-7% crude fiber - zvekushandisa mukati uye network yevarimi vekondirakiti.
Kwemakore akati wandei, chigayo ichi chaive chichitsvaga ma ring dies kubva kumugadziri wemidziyo yepellet. Kunyange zvazvo ma dies aya aishanda zvakanaka mukati mechikamu chekutanga chebasa rawo, maneja wekugadzira wechigayo akaona maitiro airamba achidzoka aiparadza chivimbo chekushanda:
Kupera kwesimba remagetsi kunotanga maawa angangoita mazana mashanu ekushanda. OEM inofa, yakatarwa ine dhayamita yegomba re4.5 mm uye chiyero chekumanikidzwa kwe1:9, yakapa 10.0–10.2 t/h panguva yekutanga kwekupinda uye maawa ekutanga e400–500. Pamusoro peizvi, kufambira mberi kwakatanga kudzikira - zvishoma nezvishoma pakutanga, kwozowedzera zvakanyanya - kusvika 9.0–9.2 t/h nemaawa mazana manomwe uye kudzika pasi pe8.5 t/h panguva iyo die yakatsiviwa nemaawa angangoita 850–950. Kudzikira zvishoma nezvishoma kwakaita kuti zviome kuronga nguva: kwaisava kukundikana kukuru asi kubuda zvishoma nezvishoma kwesimba rekugadzira.
Kuwanda kwezvikwereti muzvimedu zvakapedzwa. Zvikwereti zvakayerwa pakubuda kwemvura muchando zvakawedzera kubva pa2.5–3.0% nekufa kutsva kusvika pa6–8% muzvikamu zvekupedzisira zvehupenyu hwenguruve. Mukushanda kwekudya kwenguruve, zvikwereti zvakawandisa zvinokonzera migumisiro yakaipa yakawanda: kupatsanurwa kwechikafu mumabhini akawanda uye masisitimu ekutakura, kuderedzwa kwekunaka, uye kuwedzera kunoyerwa kwekurasikirwa kwechikafu mugomba. Nyanzvi yezvekudya yemugayo yakafungidzira kuti kuwedzera kwe1% kwezvikwereti kwakabatana nechirango chekuchinja kwekudya (FCR) cheinenge 0.01–0.02 points munguruve dzinokura.
Kuchinja-chinja kwema die kusina kurongwa kwakakanganisa hurongwa hwekugadzira. Nehupenyu hwema die hunoshanda hweavhareji yemaawa 850-950, chigayo chaive chichitsiva ma ring dies mavhiki mashanu kusvika matanhatu ega ega. Kuchinja-chinja kwega kwega kwakatora maawa 3-4 enguva yekugadzira - angangoita matani 30-40 ekurasika kwega kwega - pamwe nekushanda pamwe nekukakavadzana kwekuchengetedza stock ye ma die anotsiva anotumirwa kubva kuEurope.
3. Kuongororwa kweUinjiniya kweHongyang uye Tsanangudzo yeDie
Pakutanga kwa2025, timu yekushanda kwefekitori yakatanga kutaurirana neLiyang Hongyang Feed Machinery Co., Ltd. kuburikidza nekutengeserana kweindasitiri. Pane kungotaura pane imwe specification yakafanana, timu yehunyanzvi yeHongyang yakakumbira ruzivo rwakadzama rwekushanda uye yakaita ongororo yakarongeka vasati vapa zano rekugadzira dhisiki yakagadzirwa:
- Kuongorora kuumbwa kwechikafu: hwaro hwechibage nesoya ine mafuta ari pakati nepakati (3.0–3.5%) uye faibha (5–7%)
- Saizi yezvikamu zvekukuya: dhayamita yejometri ye650–700 μm (chinangwa chekudya kwenguruve kubva kune vanoidya kusvika kune vanoipedza)
- Zvinodiwa pakudzikamisa: kudzikamisa kwemhepo pa75–80°C nenguva yekuchengeta kwemasekondi 45–60
- Ruzivo rwekushanda kwemuchina wepellet: ma profiles emota, magwaro ekushandisa, uye kuyerwa kwekare kwekupfeka kwema die kubva kumatanho matanhatu apfuura ekuchinja kwema die.
Zvichibva pakuongorora uku, Hongyang akatsanangura dhiri remhete rakagadziriswa rine maparamita anotevera:
Paramita Yakapfuura OEM Die Hongyang Custom Die
Dhayamita yemukati × upamhi hwekushanda 520 mm × 180 mm 520 mm × 180 mm
Dhayamita yegomba 4.5 mm 4.5 mm
Chiyero chekudzvanya chinoshanda 1:9 (nominal) 1:9.5 (yakagadziridzwa kugadzira)
Dhizaini yekupinda mumaburi Sinki yakajairika yekubatsira kupinda ine tapered (angle yekupinda yakaderedzwa)
Zvinhu X46Cr13 (AISI 420 yakaenzana) 4Cr13 ine vacuum hardening
Kuomarara HRC 52–54 (yakarerekera pamusoro) HRC 55–57 (yakatambanudzwa zvakaenzana)
Kupedzisa pamusoro pegomba Yakaboorwa pfuti Yakajairika Yakaboorwa pfuti + inokwidziridzwa pamatanho akawanda kusvika kuRa ≤ 0.4 μm
Zvinhu zvakakosha zvakasiyana-siyana zvaive zvitatu: chekutanga, nzira yekuomesa vacuum yakapa kuoma kwakafanana kuburikidza nechikamu chose chedhishi - kwete chete pamusoro pekushanda kwemukati - ichivimbisa kuti sezvo dhishi raipfeka, mwero wekupfekwa wairamba wakafanana pane kukurumidza kana jira rakasimba rashandiswa. Chechipiri, chiyero chekumanikidzwa chakakwira zvishoma (1:9.5 vs. 1:9) chakasarudzwa kuti chiwedzere gelatinization yestarch yekugadzirwa kwe corn-soy, zvichivandudza kubatana kwepellet pasina kugadzira kupisa kwakanyanya kana simba reparasitic. Chechitatu, geometry ye tapered relief inlet - chimiro chekugadzira umo gomba rinopinda zvishoma nezvishoma pane kungoerekana radzikira - yakaderedza kumanikidzwa kwepamusoro kunodiwa kuti chikafu chipinde mumakomba edhishi, zvichideredza kushandiswa kwesimba uye kushushikana kwemukati padhishi.
4. Mhedzisiro Yekushanda Kwemwedzi Mitanhatu
Chidimbu chekutanga cheHongyang chakaiswa muna Chikumi 2025. Chikwata chekugadzira chemufekitori chakaongorora mashandiro emufekitori mukati memwedzi mitanhatu yakazara yekuongorora, kusanganisira madhiri maviri akazara. Mhedzisiro yacho yakanyorwa seizvi:
Kugadzikana kweKuburikidza
Uku ndiko kwaive kuvandudzwa kwakakosha uye kwakakosha mukutengeserana. Kufa kweHongyang kwakaramba kuri pakati pematani 10.0–10.1 paawa mukati mehupenyu hwese hwebasa rinoitwa kwemaawa 1,300 pasina kudzikira kwehuwandu hwemagetsi. Kudhonza kwemagetsi emota kwakaramba kuri mukati mehuwandu hwekushanda hwakatarwa nemugadziri (85–92% yemutoro wakayerwa) panzvimbo dzese dzekuyera, zvichiratidza kuti chiyero chekumanikidzwa kwe1:9.5 hachina kuisa mari yesimba reparasitic. Kufa kwemagetsi zvishoma nezvishoma kwakaratidza kufa kweOEM yapfuura — kudonha kubva pa10 t/h kusvika pasi pe9 t/h panguva yehupenyu hwemagetsi — kwakabviswa zvinobudirira.
Hunhu hwePellet
PDI, yakayerwa uchishandisa nzira yakajairwa yeKansas State University tumbling can, yakawana avhareji ye94.2% muhupenyu hwese hwe die, ine huwandu hwe93.5–95.0%. Kuwanda kwe fines pa discharge inotonhorera kwaive neavhareji ye2.8%, zvichienzaniswa nehuwandu hwe2.5–8.0% ne OEM dies. Kugadzikana kwemhando ye pellet nekufamba kwenguva - pane peak yakakwira ichiteverwa nekudzikira kwenguva refu - ndiyo yaive pundutso huru kubva pamaonero emuchina.
Upenyu Hwekufa uye Hupfumi
Chidimbu chekutanga cheHongyang chakabviswa maawa chiuru nemazana matatu - kwete nekuda kwekutadza kwemhando asi sekuchinja kwakarongwa zvichibva pakarenda yekudzivirira yekugadzirisa yemuchina. Kuyerwa kwekupfeka kwakaratidza kuti mamwe maawa zana kusvika zana nemakumi mashanu ehupenyu hwekushanda hunoshanda akasara, zvichiratidza kuti nguva yekutsiva inoshanda yemaawa chiuru nemazana matatu nemakumi mashanu kusvika chiuru nemazana mana. Izvi zvinomiririra kuwedzera kweanenge 40-45% kupfuura nguva yekutsiva yapfuura yemaawa 850-950. Pamutengo wekutumira wakaderera ne12% pane weOEM, chidimbu cheHongyang chakaderedza mutengo wekufa patani yekudya kwakagadzirwa kubva pamadhora angangoita 2.70 kusvika kumadhora 2.27 - kudzikiswa ne16%.
Kukanganisa Kwakadzika Pakushanda Kwenguruve
Kunyange zvazvo chidzidzo ichi chisina kusanganisira bvunzo yekudyisa yakadzorwa, nyanzvi yezvekudya yemugayo yakateedzera data reFCR repurazi risati rasvika uye mushure mekushanduka kweHongyang die, ichishandisa mapoka emhando dzemajini akafanana uye mamiriro ehutano. Data rakabatanidzwa rakaratidza kuvandudzwa kweFCR kweinenge 0.03–0.04 points munguruve dzinokura (semuenzaniso, kubva pa2.68 kusvika 2.65). Kunyange zvazvo zvinhu zvakawanda zvichikanganisa FCR uye kutsanangurwa kwakarurama kusingagoneke, kudzikiswa kwemari muchikafu chakapedzwa - uye kudzikiswa kwakafanana kwekurasikirwa kwechikafu nekuparadzaniswa - zvakaonekwa sechinhu chingangove chiri kukonzera izvi. Pahuwandu hwekugadzirwa kwegore negore hwebasa, kunyangwe kuvandudzwa kwe0.03 FCR kunoshandura kusvika pamadhora zviuru makumi matatu nezvishanu kusvika makumi mana nemashanu emadhora ($35,000–45,000) mukuchengetedza mari yechikafu pagore.
5. Muenzaniso weBasa raHongyang: Uinjiniya Usati Watengesa
Maneja wekugadzira wefekitori akataura zvinhu zviviri zvekubatana kweHongyang zvakaisiyanisa nehukama hwevatengesi vekare:
Ongororo yehunyanzvi hwekugadzira usati watumira. Die yekutanga isati yatumirwa, mainjiniya eHongyang vakaita ongororo yevhidhiyo ye roller assembly ye pellet mill, die clamp mechanism, uye conditioner discharge gate. Izvi zvakaratidza roller shell yaive yava kusvika kumagumo enguva yayo yebasa yakakurudzirwa - chinhu chisina chekuita ne ring die pachayo asi icho, kana chikasiyiwa chisina kugadziriswa, chaizokonzera kupararira kwe pressure kusina kuenzana uye kukanganisa mashandiro e die itsva, pasinei nemhando.
Kuchengetera zvinhu zvemunzvimbo uye mafambiro ezvekufambisa. Hongyang ine huwandu huri kukura hwema "ring dies" anowanzo tsanangurwa emhando dze "pellet mill" dzeLatin America, nekutakura zvinhu nendege kuenda kumachiteshi makuru eColombia mukati memazuva 8-12 ekushanda. Kune "Antioquia mill", nguva iyi yekupa zvinhu yakaderedzwa zvichienzaniswa nemafuta anobva kuEurope anotumirwa nengarava uye akaendeswa kuburikidza nemitero muCartagena - maitiro akambotora mavhiki mana kusvika matanhatu.
6. Mhedziso
Indasitiri yenguruve muColombia iri muchikamu chekukura. Kugadzirwa kwechikafu muchikamu chenguruve kwakapfuura matani mamiriyoni 3.5 muna 2025 uye kunotarisirwa kuramba kuchikura sezvo kudyiwa kwenguruve nemunhu mumwe nemumwe kuri kuwedzera uye vagadziri vemuno vachikwikwidzana nezvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika. Munzvimbo iyi, kuvimbika kwemuchina wekudya hakusi chinhu chehunyanzvi - chombo chekutengeserana. Awa yega yega yekugadzira yakagadzikana uye inoenderana inoshandura zvakananga mukupera kwekudya kwemombe, kuwedzera uremu nguva dzose, uye kukwikwidzana kwemitengo.
Nyaya yeAntioquia inoratidza kuti mashandiro e ring die haangotariswi chete nemukurumbira wemugadziri wemidziyo kana nyika yaakabva. Die yakagadzirwa nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwayo, mamiriro ekushanda, uye zvinangwa zvekushanda kwega yega yega mill inogona kuita zvakanaka kupfuura chikamu cheOEM — kunyangwe kana yakaiswa papellet mill imwe chete. Maitiro aHongyang — sarudzo yehuwandu hwekumanikidzana kwekugadzira, kuomesa vacuum kuti iome, tapered relief inlet geometry, uye kuongororwa kweinjiniya isati yakurudzirwa — zvakaita kuti Antioquia mill iwane kugadzikana kwekushandisa, kuwedzera hupenyu hwe die, mutengo wakaderera patani, uye kuvandudzwa kunoyerwa mukushandiswa kwekudya kwepasi.
Sezvo vagadziri venguruve vakabatana muLatin America vachitsvaga kuvandudza mashandiro avo ekugaya chikafu, ring die - chinhu chinowanzoonekwa sechinhu chinodyiwa nguva dzose - chinofanira kubatwa sechinhu chakagadzirwa nemazvo. Ruzivo kubva muchidzidzo ichi runoratidza kuti kuita izvi kunogona kupa purofiti inodarika musiyano wemutengo uri pakati pe generic die neyakagadzirwa nechinangwa.
*Chidzidzo ichi chakavakirwa padata rekushanda rakaunganidzwa pakati paChikumi naZvita 2025 panzvimbo yekutengesera nguruve muAntioquia, Colombia. Ruzivo rwekugadzirwa kwezvikafu, nhamba chaiyo yekushandiswa kwezvikafu kunze kwenzvimbo dzakatarwa, uye data rekushanda kwemunhu zvakabatanidzwa kuchengetedza zvakavanzika zvemutengi. Nhamba dzese dzeindasitiri dzakataurwa dzakatorwa kubva padata riripo pachena rakaburitswa neANDI (Sectoral Chamber of the Animal Feed Industry), DANE (Colombia's National Administrative Department of Statistics), uye Porkcolombia kubva pakutanga kwa2026. Tsanangudzo dzeHongyang ring die dzinoratidza zvigadzirwa zvakajairwa zviripo kubva paQ2 2025.*
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-30-2026
