Chigayo chepellet cheJapan Koi Feed Ring Die: Hunhu hwakanaka hwepellet yeNishikigoi Farms | Hongyang

Indasitiri yehove dzekushongedza muJapan, yakavakirwa paNishikigoi inozivikanwa pasi rose (koi carp), inomiririra nzvimbo yepamusoro muchikamu chakakura chekuchengetwa kwehove. Japan yakatumira kunze kwenyika matani angangoita 560 ehove dzekushongedza mhenyu muna 2024, uye koi ichive inodarika 80% yemutengo wekutengeswa kunze kwenyika zvichienderana nedata rekutengeserana kweMinistry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries muJapan. Musika wekudya kwekoi wemuno—unofungidzirwa kuva matani 12,000 kusvika 15,000 pagore—unoda mapellet mills anokwanisa kugadzira mapellets anoyangarara ane dhayamita chaiyo, kugadzikana kwemvura kwakanyanya, uye kufanana kwezvinovaka muviri muhukuru hwakasiyana hwepellets kubva pa2 mm kusvika 8 mm.

Chidzidzo ichi chinoongorora kuti mugadziri wezvikafu zvekoi muNiigata Prefecture, nzvimbo yekare yekuberekesa Nishikigoi, akawana sei kuvandudzwa kunoonekwa mumhando yepellet uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira mushure mekutanga kushandisa Hongyang HYPM ring die pellet mills kuti ishandiswe mumutsara wavo wekugadzira hove. Mukati memwedzi gumi nemana yekushanda, chigayo ichi chakawana nguva yekushanda ne98.3%, kutsauka kwehukuru hwepellet pasi pe0.15 mm, uye kugadzikana kwemvura kwakapfuura maawa mana—zviyero zvinotsigira zvakananga mwero chaiwo wevanoberekesa koi vane hunyanzvi muJapan nevanofarira zvemitambo.

Kumashure: Indasitiri yeKoi Feed yeJapan

Indasitiri yeNishikigoi muJapan yakadzika midzi muNiigata Prefecture, uko kuberekeswa kwemhando yecarp kwakatanga kutanga kwezana remakore rechi19 mudunhu reYamakoshi. Nhasi, Japan ine vapfuyi vekoi vanopfuura 1,500 vakanyoreswa, vazhinji vavo vari mumatunhu eNiigata, Hiroshima, neFukuoka. Musika wekoi wemuno unokosheswa neanosvika mabhiriyoni makumi matatu eyen pagore, nemitengo yemhando imwe neimwe inotangira pa500,000 yeyen kusvika paanopfuura mamiriyoni zana eyen pakutengesa.

Musika uyu wepamusoro-soro unoisa zvinodiwa zvikuru pamhando yezvokudya. Koi dzinokosheswa nekuda kweruvara rwadzo, kujeka kwemavara, kupenya kweganda, uye chimiro chemuviri—zvese izvi zvinokanganiswa zvakananga nekudya. Musanganiswa wepamusoro wekoi feed une hupfu hwehove huri pa35-40% yehuwandu, hupfu hwegorosi huri pa15-20% hunoshanda sechitubu chemakabhohaidhiretsi uye sechitubu chechisikigo, hupfu hwesoya huri pa10-15%, rice bran iri pa5-10%, spirulina iri pa3-5% yekuwedzera ruvara rwakavakirwa pacarotenoid, hupfu hwekrill huri pa3-5% sechitubu chechisikigo cheastaxanthin, uye vhitamini-mineral premix inosanganisira vhitamini C yakagadzikana yekushanda kwemuviri.

Magadzirirwo enyama yekoi feed pellets anodawo zvakafanana. Mapellets anoyangarara anofanira kuramba achiyangarara kwemaminitsi makumi matatu kuti akwanise kutariswa kwekudya—tsika yakakosha mukuchengeta koi uko vafudzi vanoongorora maitiro ekudyisa nemaziso sechiratidzo chikuru chehutano hwehove. Upamhi hwepellet hunotangira pa2 mm kune vana vetosai (hove dzine gore rimwe chete) kusvika pa8 mm kune hove huru dzinopfuura 80 cm pakureba. Mukati mechikamu chega chega chehukuru, kushivirira dhayamita hakufanirwe kudarika ±0.2 mm kuve nechokwadi chekudyiswa kwakafanana uye kudzivirira kukwikwidzana kwehukuru mukati memadziva. Kugadzikana kwemvura—kunoyerwa sezvo mapellets achiramba aripo asina kuparara—kunofanira kudarika maawa maviri kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwemvura mudziva, izvo muhurongwa hwekufudza hove dzakavharwa zvinogona kukurumidza kuwedzera huwandu hweammonia uye kuomesa huwandu hwehove dzakakosha.

Mutengi: Nyanzvi yeKudya kweKoi Yakavakirwa paNiigata

Mutengi wedu, kambani inogadzira chikafu chechizvarwa chechipiri inoshanda muNagaoka City, Niigata Prefecture, inogadzira matani angangoita 3,500 echikafu chekoi pagore. Zvigadzirwa zvavo zvinosvika saizi nhanhatu dzepellets muzvikamu zvitatu zvechigadzirwa—chakajairika, chepamusoro, uye chemakwikwi—zvinopa vanoberekesa koi vanosvika 180 muJapan yese, nehuwandu huri kuwedzera hwekutengesa kunze kwenyika kumisika yeSoutheast Asia inosanganisira Thailand, Indonesia, neMalaysia.

Mukupera kwegore ra2024, mutengi akaona zvipingamupinyi zvitatu zvekushanda mumutsara wavo wepelleting uripo:

Kupfeka Kwemadiro uye Kufamba Kwemadiro: Madiro avo echinyakare echitenderero akaratidza kukura kwemadiro mushure memaawa angangoita 800 ekushanda. Madiro echitenderero paakakura, dhayamita yepellet yakafamba kupfuura ±0.2 mm, zvichigadzira madiro makuru akakanganisa kufanana kwekudya. Vaberekesi vemhando yepamusoro vakanga vatanga kudzorera mabheti ane dhayamita yakadarika zvinodiwa—kukura kunokuvadza kutengeserana mumusika une mukurumbira.

Kusagadzikana kwemvura: Kugadzikana kwemvura kwakasvika pakati pemaawa 1.5 kusvika 3.5 zvichienderana nekupisa kwemvura uye mamiriro ekugadzirisa. Mapellets aigadzirwa panguva yekugadzirwa kwenguva refu—kana tembiricha yemvura yakakwira pamusoro pe85°C—aratidza gelatinization yepamusoro yestarch uye kugadzikana kwemvura, nepo mabheti ekutanga-ekuchinjana aiwanzodzikira pasi peawa mbiri. Kuchinja uku kwebatch-to-batch kwakaderedza chivimbo chemubereki mukugadzikana kwechigadzirwa.

Kugadzirwa Kwemari Mumapakeji: Kuwanda kwehupfu hwehove pa35-40% mumafuta ekoi kunoita kuti pave nechimiro chepellet chinogocha. Nemadhayi aripo, huwandu hwemari mushure mekutonhodza hwakasvika 4-5%, huchiunganidzwa mumabhegi uye huchikonzera kunyunyuta kwevatengi nezvekuonekwa kwechigadzirwa uye kukosha kwacho. Mumusika weJapan unonyanya kufarira kuratidzwa, mabhegi ane guruva anoratidza kuti kugadzirwa kwacho hakuna kunaka pasinei nekudya kwacho.

Mhinduro yeHongyang: HYPM Series Ring Die Pellet Mill

Mutengi akasarudza magayo eHongyang HYPM series ring die pellet ane madhii akagadzirirwa kugadzirwa kwehove dzekushongedza. Magadzirirwo acho akagadzirisa dambudziko rega rega rekushanda kuburikidza nesarudzo dzakananga dzeinjiniya:

Zvinhu Zvekufa uye Machining Akakodzera: Madhiri erin'i akapihwa kuHongyang akagadzirwa nesimbi yeX46Cr13 alloy ine vacuum heat treatment inoita kuti kuomarara kwenzvimbo kusvike 58-60 HRC. Kuomarara kwemukati menzvimbo yekufa kwakadzorwa kusvika kuRa ≤ 0.8 μm kuburikidza nemaitiro ekukwenenzvera akawanda. Pakushandisa koi feed, timu yeinjiniya yeHongyang yakatsanangura dhizaini yedhiri ine chiyero chekudzvanya che1:10 che2-4 mm pellet range uye 1:12 che5-8 mm range, zvichireva huwandu hwemafuta akawandisa mumafomura epamusoro-soro—kubva kuhupfu hwehove nekrill meal—izvo zvinoderedza kupesana mudhara rekufa. Chiyero chekudzvanya chakakwira chakatsiva mhedzisiro yekunyorovesa yemafuta ehove, zvichiita kuti huremu hwepellet huenderane muhukuru hwese.

Kubatanidzwa kweSisitimu Yekugadzirisa: Sisitimu yeHYPM yakabatanidzwa ne double-shaft differential conditioner inopa masekondi 90-120 enguva yekuchengetedza pa85-95°C, zvichiita kuti starch gelatinization ive 45-55%. Izvi zvaive zvakakosha kuti mvura igare zvakanaka. Kupisa kwakanyanya kwe conditioning—kwaichengetwa zvakaenzana kuburikidza nePID-controlled steam injection—kwakaita kuti gelatinization igare zvakanaka pasinei nenguva yekugadzirwa, zvichibvisa kudzikira kwemhando yekutanga kweshift kwakaitwa nemutengi. Gelatinization yefurawa yegorosi, inodzorwa nemhedzisiro yekupisa, hunyoro, uye nguva yekugara, yakaenderera mberi nekupedzwa conditioned mash isati yapinda mukamuri repelleting.

Kubata Mushure meKubvisa Mapete: Chikwata chehunyanzvi cheHongyang chakakurudzira dhizaini yekutonhodza inodzokororwa nemhepo ine nguva yakareba yekuchengeta kwemaminitsi gumi nemaviri kusvika gumi nemashanu uye kudzora tembiricha yemhepo kuti isvike tembiricha yekubuda kwepete mukati me3°C yenzvimbo. Iyi nzira yekutonhodza yakaderedza kupwanyika kwekupisa - chinhu chinowanzo konzera mapete ehove ane mapuroteni akawanda - nekudzivirira kutonhora nekukurumidza kunokonzera kupwanyika kwemukati mepete matrix.

Mhedzisiro: Data reMashandiro emwedzi gumi nemana

Mushure mekuvhurwa muna Kukadzi 2025 uye kwemwedzi gumi nemana yekushanda nguva dzose, mutengi akanyora zviyero zvekushanda zvinotevera:

Nguva Yekushanda: Chigayo cheHYPM ring die pellet chakawana nguva yekushanda ne98.3% munguva yekuongorora. Hupenyu hwebasa remadire hwakawedzerwa—hunokonzerwa nesimbi yeX46Cr13 alloy uye kurapwa kwekupisa kwakanyatsojeka—hwakaita kuti kugadzirwa kuitwe kwemaawa 1,400-1,600 pakati pekuchinja madire, zvichiwedzera kaviri nguva yemutengi yekutsiva yemaawa 800 apfuura. Izvi zvakaita kuti pave nematani angangoita 3,800 ekoi feed aigadzirwa pa seti yega yega, zvichienzaniswa nematani 1,700 nemidziyo yavo yekare. Kuderedzwa kwehuwandu hwekuchinja madire chete kwakabvisa nguva yekushanda kwemaawa angangoita 48 pagore.

Kunyatsojeka kwedhayamita yePellet: Kuongororwa kwenhamba yemapellet mazana maviri pabatch imwe neimwe pamapellet ese matanhatu kwakaratidza kutsauka kwedhayamita ye0.12 mm nekutsauka kwakajairwa kwe0.06 mm—zviri nyore mukati me ±0.2 mm yakatarwa. Mutengi akataura kuti hapana kurambwa kwebatch nekuda kwekusatevedza saizi yepellet mukati memwedzi gumi nemana, kuvandudzika kukuru kubva pakurambwa kwe3-4 pagore kwakaitika kare. Kurambwa kwega kwega kwakambodhura matani angangoita gumi nemashanu echikafu chakagadziriswazve pamwe nemidziyo yakabatana nayo.

Kugadzikana Kwemvura: Kuongororwa kwetangi rakadzorwa pakupisa kwemvura kwe25°C kwakaratidza kugadzikana kwemvura kwakagara kuripo kwemaawa 4.2-4.8 pahukuru hwese hwemapellet. Izvi zvakapfuura zvese zvinodiwa nevatengi vemaawa maviri uye chiyero chemaawa matatu chinowanzotaurwa nevanobereka michero yepamusoro. Kuvandudzwa uku kwakakonzerwa nekudzora tembiricha kwakagara kuripo uye chiyero che compression chakagadziriswa chinopa starch yakafanana gelatinization muchikamu chepellet.

Kuderedzwa Kwemari: Mari yefines mushure mekutonhodza uye kurongedza isati yatanga, yakayerwa nekusefa ne 1.0 mm mesh, yakasvika paavhareji ye1.8%, kubva pa4.5% ne system yekare ye die. Ongororo dzemhinduro dzevatengi dzakaitwa mwedzi mitanhatu mushure mekubvumidzwa dzakaratidza kudzikira kwe40% muzvichemo zvine chekuita ne pellet integrity uye kuunganidzwa kweguruva kubva pasi pebhegi. Pamusika umo kuratidzwa kwepakeji kunokanganisa kunaka kwechigadzirwa, kuvandudzika uku kwakave nekukosha kwakanyanya kwekutengeserana.

Mhinduro yeMubereki: Mukuru wekutengesa wemutengi akataura kuti matatu emakambani mashanu epamusoro ekuberekesa mhuka—kusanganisira mubereki weGrand Champion anozivikanwa munyika yese kubva kuIsawa, Yamanashi Prefecture—akanyatsotaura nezvekuvandudzwa kwehupfu hwemhuka uye kudzikira kwemvura mudziva mumwaka wekurima wa2025. Mumwe mubereki akanyora nezvekuvandudzwa kwehupfu hwemhuka ne12% muhuwandu hwemhuka dzinosvika mazana mana (400 nisai (ane makore maviri) koi, zvichireva kuti kuvandudzwa uku kwakakonzerwa nehukuru hwemhuka dzinobereka mhuka uye kufanana kwezvinovaka muviri panguva yekudya.

Kuzvipira kwaHongyang kuUinjiniya Hwakanangana Nekushandisa

Nyaya yeNiigata inoratidza musimboti unotsigira maitiro aHongyang kumusika wepasi rose wemichina yekudya: mainjiniya anoshandiswa pakugadzira chikafu anotungamira mhedzisiro yevatengi. Pakushandisa chikafu chekoi, zvinhu zvakakosha zvaisava mhedzisiro isina kugadzirwa—simba reHYPM system rakapfuura zvakanyanya huwandu hwemutengi hwematani 3,500 pagore—asi simbi, kunyatsoenderana nechiyero chekumanikidzwa, uye kugara kwenguva refu. Kuda kwaHongyang kugadzira ring dies zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzirwa kwechikafu chehove chekushongedza, pane kupa chikafu chezvipfuyo chakajairwa, kwakasiyanisa kubatana kwevatengi nevatengesi vemidziyo yezvinhu.

Kubva pamaonero emutengi, kukosha kwechinhu ichi kwakapfuura mashandiro emuchina. Kuderedzwa kwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvinotsiva michina kwakaderedza mari inodyiwa neinenge mamiriyoni 1.2 emadhora pagore. Kubviswa kwekurambwa kwezvigadzirwa kwakadzosa matani angangoita 85 esimba rekugadzira raive rakarasika pagore. Uye kubudirira kwevatengi—kwakaoma kuyera asi kwakakosha mubhizinesi reJapan—kwakasimbisa chinzvimbo chavo chekukwikwidza mumusika umo mukurumbira wekambani unotungamira mitengo.

Mhedziso

Indasitiri yekoi muJapan, ine mwero wayo wepamusoro wehunhu uye vatengi vayo vakangwara, inomiririra imwe yemisika yekudya inoda mari yakawanda pasi rose. Kubudirira kwekushandiswa kweHongyang HYPM ring die pellet mills kumugadziri wekudya kwekoi weNiigata kunoratidza kuti michina yekuchera pellet yakagadzirwa nemazvo inogona kupa kuvandudzwa kunoyerwa mumhando yepellet, kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira, uye kugutsikana kwevatengi—kunyangwe mumabasa ekugadzira asingasviki padanho remaindasitiri.

Kune vagadziri vezvikafu zvemhuka vanopa misika yemhando yepamusoro yekurima hove, Niigata case inopa modhi inogona kudzokororwa: dyara mari mu tekinoroji yekufa uye kunyatsogadzirisa, kuyera mhedzisiro zvakasimba, uye kubata mhando yepellet sechinhu chinosiyanisa makwikwi pane kutevedzera mitemo.